XRF Analysis Learning Center

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a nondestructive technique used to determine the elemental composition of materials. In this learning hub, find everything you need to know about XRF analysis, how it works, and what it is used for. This page is an excellent resource for those new to XRF analysis and for seasoned XRF users looking to expand their knowledge.

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What is XRF analysis?

XRF analysis is a nondestructive technique in which X-rays are used to excite a material to determine its elemental composition.

What is XRF analysis used for?

Since XRF can determine the elemental composition of tested materials, it is used across a range of industries and materials. It is widely used in mining and geochemistry, environmental monitoring and remediation, and positive material identification (PMI) and quality assurance checks. XRF is also used as a screening tool for hazardous substances, such as lead in soil, paint, and pipes. Gold analysis is another popular application, as XRF can prove the purity and composition of precious metals. Find more information on the practical applications of XRF below.

How does XRF analysis work?

XRF, as its name suggests, uses X-ray fluorescence to determine the elemental composition of materials. It works by exciting the test material with a beam from a primary X-ray source. When excited, the material emits secondary fluorescent X-rays, which are then analyzed by the XRF analyzer. Every element within the test material, when excited by the primary X-ray, produces a unique secondary fluorescent X-ray, which is how the analyzer can determine the existing elements within the tested material.